by 1845-1914 - Jews in Palestine
The number of Jews in Palestine at the beginning of the twentieth century is very small, and then increased from 12000 in 1845 to 85000 in 1914.
The majority in Palestine are Arab Muslims and Christians, and the support of the international Zionist movement has been the displacement of large numbers of Jews in Europe and the world to Palestine.
1896-1916 - the Zionist movement
In 1896 and after the emergence of ideas of anti-Semitism in Europe, by Theodor Herzl propose a solution to the problem in writing, where the Jewish state proposed the setting up of a national homeland for Jews in Argentina or Palestine.
In 1897 the first Conference of the Zionist movement in Switzerland, where he issued the Basle program on the colonization of Palestine and the establishment of the World Zionist Movement.
In 1904 the Fourth Conference of the Zionist movement decided to establish a national home for Jews in Argentina.
In 1906 the Zionist congress decided that a national home for Jews in Palestine.
In 1914 with the beginning of World War I, Britain promised the Arabs to help them independence from the Ottoman Empire entered the war, provided by the British against the Ottoman Empire Dakhla war beside Germany.
1916 - Sykes-Picot agreement
Was the signing of Sykes-Picot Agreement between France and Britain, it was agreed to divide the region into Arab areas of control.
Where it was agreed that Lebanon and Syria under French control, Jordan, Iraq under British control, to keep the international Palestine.
1917 - Balfour Declaration
In the November 2, 1917 the British government issued the Balfour Declaration in the form of a letter from Foreign Minister Arthur James Balfour, the leader of the Zionist movement.
Pledged to the Foreign Minister that the Government of His Majesty the Queen to work the best they can in order to achieve the objective of establishing a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
He also pledged that Britain does not do anything that would be detrimental to the interests and rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine.
1918 - Jewish immigration
After World War I in 1918 the Jews began to emigrate to Palestine, which was under British mandate in accordance with resolutions of the League of Nations.
According to the Balfour Declaration and the terms of the Mandate The Mandate Authority to facilitate the immigration of Jews to establish a national home in Palestine.
Work was begun in wide and large for the establishment of agricultural and economic projects carried out by the Zionist movement during the Mandate period in Palestine for the new settlers. Also increased Jewish immigration to Palestine in the thirties of the twentieth century because of the Nazis on the Jews in Europe.
Tel Aviv became the largest city inhabited by only the Jews, also found a large number of villages and small towns founded by the Jews.
At the same time the world has witnessed the establishment of a large number of parties and Jewish societies in Europe and the world and join all the ideas and organization under the Zionist movement and had migrated some leaders of these parties to Palestine where they established the various parties in the Zionist entity.
1919 - the first national Palestinian conference
Held its first national conference to condemn the Palestinian and a complete rejection of the Balfour Declaration.
1920 - San Remo
Was held in San Remo, where he decided to put Palestine under British mandate, and within two years, Palestine was effectively under British administration was sent to Samuel Harper, a Zionist leader as the first representative of the Sami in Palestine.
1922 - the Mandate for Palestine
League of Nations issued a decision the British Mandate over Palestine, where a resolution in favor of the formation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
1929 - violent Arab protests
In August 1929 shook Jerusalem the first large-scale attack claimed by Arabs against Jews, in the riots, the killing of Arabs and 133 Jews were killed, 116. The roots of violence and return to Arab fears of the objectives of the Zionist movement which aims to set up a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
Britain has promised to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine for them, that does not prejudice the right of indigenous peoples in the country, but has yet to implement and Britain promised the Arabs to protect their civil and religious.
1936 - the six-month strike
The Palestinians staged a general strike for a duration of six months to protest the confiscation of land and Jewish immigration.
1937 - Committee Bill
Since the Balfour Declaration, Britain was trying to settle the disagreement between Jews and Arabs without success. In an important 1937 Lord Robert Bell presented the report which the Commission has concluded that was, as stated in the report that the continuation of the introduction of the Mandate for Palestine is not feasible and that there was no hope of a common entity between Arabs and Jews. Was a matter of its composition the increasing acts of protest by Arabs during the twenties and thirties because of Jewish immigration and land confiscation, and, what was the Arabs, but the formation of the Arab Higher Committee to defend themselves, and they organized a six-month strike in 1936.
In an effort to get out of this crisis has commissioned British Lord Robert Bell to study the situation and provide solutions, but Arabs boycotted the Commission and rejected the report.
After the report's emphasis on the impossibility of a common entity for Jews and Arabs, was the proposal to divide Palestine into two states, one Arab and one Jewish holy places and to be put under international administration. After two years of the report and Britain found in a state of victory or loss and decided to put restrictions on Jewish immigration to Palestine until a solution dilemma.
1939 - Britain restricts the immigration of Jews
Britain has issued a decision prohibit the continuation of Jewish immigration to Palestine and independence offered to the Palestinians within ten years ago.
Rejected the proposals of the Zionist movement and the establishment of armed gangs to carry out bloody massacres and the British and the Palestinians to force Britain to withdraw from Palestine to establish a Jewish state.
1945 - Palestinian predicament British
After the end of World War II and the Nazi concentration camps open, he returned to the leaders of the Zionist movement to open up the door of immigration of Jews to Palestine.
Zionist armed movements such as the Haganah and the Irgun and Zhang Alsturn stepped up armed attack on soldiers of the British Mandate of pressure on Britain to open the door of immigration.
The Arabs opposed Jewish pressure, but there was no unified command of the Arabs. In 1945, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Jordan and Yemen and Egypt to establish the Arab League to put pressure on Britain from the other side for the rights of the Palestinians. New Labour Government in Britain was strongly supports the goals and projects of the Zionist movement, with its desire to maintain the friendship of the Arabs.
, And pressure from U.S. President Truman-leaning Zionist clear Britain sent a new commission to study the situation. American English Committee recommended the immediate displacement of the number 100000 European Jews to Palestine, as recommended the removal of restrictions on the sale of land to the Jews with the Palestinian entity established Takht joint auspices of the United Nations.
Under the pressure of the high costs of the British Army in Palestine, Britain has decided to refer the question of Palestine to the United Nations.
Was sent to the Commission of the United Nations to assess the situation in Palestine and to provide feedback and suggestions based on its decision was taken to the partition of Palestine No. 242.
1947 - Britain's withdrawal and the partition of Palestine
After seven years of war and a desire for Britain to withdraw from its colonies, in 1947 Britain decided to leave Palestine and requested the United Nations make recommendations.
Held its first emergency session of the United Nations in 1947 and the draft has been proposed partition of Palestine into Jewish and Arab states to keep Jerusalem as an international, on having a good-neighborly relations and economic cooperation between the two countries.
The proposal was approved by 33 to 13 members and the support of the Soviet Union and the United States of America and Britain's reluctance to Altsoet.
1948 - the first Israeli Arab war
The Arabs rejected the partition of the draft led to the outbreak of violence between Arabs and Jews, with Britain's refusal to intervene and leave things as they are until the withdrawal date is August 1, 1848 according to a draft division.
Make sure when Jewish leaders from the intention of Britain's withdrawal on 15 May, decided in Tel Aviv on 14 May to apply the section on the establishment of a Jewish state as contained in the partition resolution, with the formation of a national parliament as a representative of the Jewish people and the international Zionist movement, which declared the Jewish state in Palestine, called State of Israel and decided to open the door of immigration for all Jews in the world for the new entity.
15 May, the armies of Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon and Iraq, with Arab fighters and other Palestinian militants who were fighting the Jews since November 1947, they be rolling-out war against the Zionist entity. Where the conflict had turned into an international dispute.
Arabs have failed in preventing the Zionist entity, where the war ended with four ceasefire resolutions of the United Nations between Israel, Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria. And boundaries that have been identified in the Convention on the rest of the untouched until 1967.
Click for more details about the wars obtain Israeli Arab
1948 - establishment of the Zionist entity
The war of 1948 changed the demographics in Israel, where a large number of Palestinian migration from the territories occupied in 1948. Become a tiny Gaza under Egyptian administration and the West Bank under Jordanian administration. The number of Palestinian immigrants, where 680 000 people have left for neighboring Arab countries, and thereby became a Jewish majority in the new Zionist entity.
In 1949 Knesset elections were the first Israelis and selected Chaim Weizmann Zionist leader as the first president of Israel.
1954 - Abd al-Nasser takes power in Egypt
For a period of two years, Abdul Nasser, a member of the Revolutionary Command while Mohamed Naguib served as president and prime minister, in February made the interface Abdel Nasser Mohamed Naguib, accusing of trying to revive the old system and approached the banned Muslim Brotherhood and calling for his resignation. After mass protests led to the accustomed Naguib, Nasser held a meeting of the army and decided to submit to the people you want and at the same time the supporters arrested Mohammed Najib army officers and called for the ruling party to call for a strike to demand the return of parliamentary life. In April was arrested Naguib and dismissed him from taking fair and President Abdel Nasser's position as president of Egypt.
1956 - Tripartite Aggression on Egypt - Suez War
Attempts to convert the cease-fire agreement to a peace treaty did not work, The Arabs insisted on the return of Refugees to their homeland and the internationalization of Jerusalem and Israel to give up some land before entering into negotiations, in return, unless Israel agrees to these demands conflict with the pretext of security.
An increasing number of suicide attacks against Israel have been implemented by the Fedayeen Palestinians and Arabs, in contrast Israel responded with a vengeance violent. Egypt, to prevent the Israeli ships from using Suez Canal and blockaded the port marine Israel's only Red Sea on Israel what it saw as an act of war and escalating frictions on the Egyptian border to turn it into all-out war in October and November 1956.
Britain and France joined Israel in its aggression on Egypt's dispute with the Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized because of the Suez Canal after the withdrawal of Britain and France offers to finance the construction of the High Dam in southern Egypt.
Israel has achieved in a few days victory over Egypt, where he was occupied Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula and when they arrived at the Suez Canal, started in the West of Britain and France attack Egypt. Stop the war and was several days after the intervention of the United Nations and was sent an emergency force to monitor a cease-fire. And effort from the Soviet Union and America is holding the three aggressor states to withdraw from areas occupied, but Israel did not leave Gaza until 1957 after the promise of America to dissolve forms of maritime port for Israel.
1958 - Arab Unity
The accession of Egypt to Syria in the United Arab Republic, the beginning of serious changes in the Middle East, since the Baath Party seized control of leaning People's power in Syria, like Egypt has approached more than the ideas of socialism in China and the arms to weapons of Russia. And under pressure from Washington (supported by neighboring Arab governments anti-communist) and the Communist parties of local government decided to test the orientation of the Syrian Arab unity, and so was the United Arab Republic. And sequencing of events for Yemen's accession to strengthen the unity and security of its position.
The form of the monarchy in Iraq and Jordan, including the Union, while recognizing the King Saud power to his brother King Faisal, who was more nigh ideas Abdel Nasser.
Lebanon's civil war broke out between Arab nationalists, backed by Syria and supporters of President Camille Chamoun backed by the West.
Officers in Iraq-leaning Nasiriyah overthrow the monarchy and kill the Prime Minister and the King Faisal II and a large number of family ownership, and breaks down the union between Iraq and Jordan.
Fearing the arrival of the tide of Nazareth for Lebanon, the United States of America to send 10000 fighters and has sponsored peace talks between the warring led to the concessions and then elections and resulted in the election of President Fouad Chehab closer to Nasser and less loyalty to the West.
In 1961, Syria withdrew from the United Arab Republic and thus Union collapsed.
1964 - establishment of the Palestine Liberation Organization
In 1964 announced the establishment of the Palestine Liberation Organization, and in the first of January 1965 began the Palestinian revolution.
1967 - Six Day War
After the tripartite aggression evolution of the thinking of Arab nationalism and spread widely, with the demand desperate to President Gamal Abdel Nasser for revenge, was established forces of the United Arab deployed large forces on the border and continued to close the port's maritime Israel with the demand of President Gamal Abdel Nasser of United Nations forces out of Egypt and his insistence on the payment of all Israel to attack Egypt, Jordan and Syria simultaneously in the June 5, 1967.
Six days after the war ended with a crushing Israeli victory in the Israeli Air Force destroyed the France-equipped air force has been the Arab Air Force is the main tool to destroy the Arab armies.
The war ended with Israel's occupation of the Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula from Egypt and Arab East Jerusalem and the West Bank of the River Jordan and the Golan Heights from Syria and has become all of those.
Areas under Israeli occupation, where he became the size of Israel four times greater than it was when the cease-fire in 1949.
Occupied Arab territories including about one million and five hundred thousand Arab.
The occupied territories became in 1967 a major political issue in Israel, where religious leaders insist sects Alorashwdo not to withdraw from the West Bank and Gaza Strip, which they consider part of Israel.
And workers at the Pavilion of the views are divided, with some staying and some with the withdrawal, but everyone agrees is to maintain the East Jerusalem is under occupation, but its annexation of East Jerusalem and consolidated and then in 1980 was declared a unified, complete, permanent and eternal capital of Israel.
After 1967 the groups and national revolutionary Palestinian under the banner of the Palestine Liberation Organization guerrilla attacks on Israeli targets inside Israel and in the occupied territories in 1967 and also abroad, where successful PLO in Tareyev the world to the Palestinian cause and obtain the support of global as well as for the Organization recipe and the only legitimate representative of Palestinian people by the United Nations and the League of Arab States.
1972 - Munich Olympics massacre
Twenty at the Olympic Games in Munich and on September 5 by a team of eight Palestinian commandos stormed the walls of the Olympic village and broke into the residence and they killed two of the 11 players Israelis and held nine others threatened to kill them if not called 200 Fedayeen Palestinians from Israeli prisons.
Authority approved the transfer of German commandos and the detainees to a military base where it is waiting for a flight out of the country, carrying out special forces stormed the plane, resulting in killing nine militants for the hostages and killing all fedayeen.
1973 - The October War
In 1973 Egypt joined Syria in a surprise attack on Israel on October 6 and was this day religious festival in Israel and is a holy fast day. Israeli troops have failed to repel attack after three weeks of Arab control over the course of the war and after the high losses in lives and equipment, where the Soviet Union was one of the forces in support of the Arab majority and also Kuwait and Saudia Arabia, which financed the Arab forces in access to sophisticated weaponry from the Soviet Union. As countries cut off Arab oil-producing supplies from America and Western nations for its support for Israel.
Against the sources of the large Arab forces in terms of funding and support the Arab and Soviet Israel had no choice but to resort to America for their support in terms of economic and military balance of power to modify, even this did not help Israel.
So leaving America for peaceful solutions was sent to President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger to negotiate a cease-fire between Israel and Egypt and Syria, and has succeeded Kissinger in the disengagement on the Syrian front, and also of Egypt, in 1974.
1974 - Liberation Organization represents the Palestinian people
In 1974 and in Rabat summit was recognition of the PLO as the legitimate representative and only the Palestinian people.
Of the United Nations was stressed the need for an independent Palestinian state and has been granted the PLO observer seat.
And has delivered the Organization Chairman Yasser Arafat's speech to the United Nations in the same year.
1979 - Camp David treaty
Mnahieddim Begin was the first Israeli prime minister to reach a peaceful settlement with one of the Arab countries as a result of the sudden call made by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat to Israel to negotiate.
Where he traveled to Jerusalem in 1977 and delivered a letter to the Israeli Knesset and called initiates peace talks. After a long and arduous talks at Camp David between Egypt and Israel under the auspices of U.S. President Jimmy Carter signed a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel in March 26, 1979.
The treaty concluded with the state of war between the two countries, but many things were unresolved and most important status of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
1979 - migration of Russian Jews
For fear of brain drain and technical manpower from Russia, the Jewish government has a strict policy to prevent the migration of Jews out, but in the seventies was to facilitate the migration and reached its peak in 1979 when it was issued more than 50000 immigrant visas to the Jews.
In 1977 he was arrested the Jewish mathematician Anatoly Hacharnski and for talking to reporters on the Authority's rejection of Western grant immigrant visas, which sparked a wave of global outrage. And accused of spying for the CIA and was sentenced to nine years in prison before being explicitly to Israel in the exchange of spies. Case was a major engine to speak more openly on the migration of Russian Jews.
At the end of 1979 were reported to international monitoring organizations for the failure of 180000 Jews to obtain permits migration. In the following years decreased the numbers of migrants as a result of the failure of the treaty "I asked two" and put the U.S. economic embargo on Russia for its military intervention in Afghanistan.
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