United Nations and the Arab-Israeli conflict
1947
Arab-Israeli conflict provided the United Nations and one of the most difficult problems of peacekeeping.
In 1947, the General Assembly approved a plan to divide Palestine into a Jewish and an Arab State and to make Jerusalem an international zone under UN control.
Jerusalem is a city holy to Christians, and Muslims.
About 90 percent of the population in Palestine is Arab Muslims, and the land given to the Jews was more than the land that gave the Arabs, and Arab states that opposed the UN plan.
1948
On 14 May 1948, the United Kingdom completed its mandate over Palestine. And announced the creation of Israel. The next day, the Palestinians in addition to Arab armies from Syria, Lebanon, Egypt and Jordan attacked Israel, Arabs failed to prevent the Jewish state was founded.
In 1949, the war ended with armistice agreements with four UN-arranged between Israel and Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, and Syria.
UN-supervised truce. In any case, continued border incidents.
1956
After announcing the nationalization of the Suez Canal by Egypt on July 26, 1956, Israeli forces occupied the Sinai, while British and French troops landed in Suez at the end of October.
In the November 4, 1956, the General Assembly meeting in special session, requested the cease-fire and the establishment of a peacekeeping force. Emergency Force of the United Nations (Yu EF), oversaw the withdrawal of French troops and British and Israeli occupied territories.
1967
Emergency Force of the United Nations has withdrawn at the request of Egypt on 16 May 1967.
On June 5, the second war broke out between Israel on the one hand, Egypt, Jordan and Syria on the other. Security Council called four times for a cease-fire, which was applied in the end, June 11. On that date, Israel occupied the Sinai, Gaza Strip, West Bank, East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights. Security Council sent observers to the cease-fire.
On November 22, 1967, the Council unanimously adopted Resolution 242, which defined the general principles for a lasting peaceful settlement, the Israeli withdrawal from territories conquered in 1967, exit prevented the war, respect and the recognition of sovereignty of all countries, the political independence of all countries of the region, guaranteeing freedom of navigation through international waterways in the region, and the establishment of demilitarized zones.
1973
On 6 October 1973, the Yom Kippur War. On 24 October 1973, the Security Council established the United Nations Emergency Force II (Yu EF II).
Diffusion of 7,000 men from twelve countries of the Emergency Force ended the Yom Kippur War.
1974
In 1974, the Assembly adopted a resolution recognizing the rights of the Palestinian Arabs. And resolution gave observer status to the Palestine Liberation Organization, an organization approved by the Arab countries as a representative of Palestinian people. Observer status given the right to attend meetings of the General Assembly but not for the participation of decision-making.
1975
In 1975, many Western countries supported the decision of the General Assembly which declares that Zionism "racist movement." Zionism is the Jewish movement that helped to establish the State of Israel. Assembly overturned the decision in 1991.
1978
In 1978, Israel agreed to the return of the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt. The two countries agreed on autonomy also the Gaza Strip and West Bank. Egypt and Israel signed a peace treaty in 1979. Egypt regained full control of the Sinai Peninsula in 1982. In any case, it is not any arrangement for the autonomy of the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.
1993
In 1993 and 1995, Israel and the PLO signed the agreements that led to the withdrawal of Israeli forces from the Gaza Strip and most cities and towns in the West Bank has become a Palestinian governing bodies in these areas. Israel acknowledged the PLO as the representative Boidha of the Palestinian people.
In 1994, Jordan and Israel signed a peace agreement ending the state of war, including since 1948.
In 1996, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and the areas under Palestinian control in the West Bank elected a President and the Legislative Council in the power of self-government.
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